What is the Present Simple Tense?
The Present Simple tense is one of the most common tenses in English. We use it to talk about things that are always true or happen regularly.
Think of it as the ‘everyday’ tense. It helps you describe your daily life and general information.
When Do We Use the Present Simple?
We use the Present Simple in several situations:
- For habits and routines: Actions you do regularly, every day, every week, etc.
- I drink coffee every morning.
- She goes to school by bus.
- For facts and general truths: Things that are always true.
- The sun rises in the east.
- Cats eat fish.
- For schedules and timetables: Fixed events like train times, cinema showings, or class schedules.
- The train leaves at 7:00 AM.
- The film starts at 8:30 PM.
- For opinions and feelings: To express what you like, love, hate, or think.
- I like pizza.
- He thinks English is interesting.
How Do We Form the Present Simple?
The form of the Present Simple changes slightly depending on the subject of the sentence.
Affirmative Sentences
- ～について I, you, we, they, we use the base form of the verb.
- I play football.
- They live in London.
- ～について he, she, it, we add -s または -es to the base form of the verb.
- He plays football.
- She lives in London.
Spelling Rules for -s / -es
- Most verbs: add -s （例：, work → works, eat → eats).
- 末尾が -ch, -sh, -s, -x, -z, -o: add -es （例：, watch → watches, go → goes, finish → finishes).
- Verbs ending in a consonant + -y: change -y ～へ -ies (e.no-translation>study → studies, fly → flies).
- Verbs ending in a vowel + -y: just add -s （例：, play → plays, enjoy → enjoys).
Negative Sentences
当社では do not (don't) または does not (doesn't) + the base form of the verb.
- ～について I, you, we, they: use do not または don't.
- I don't play football.
- They don't live in London.
- ～について he, she, it: use does not または doesn't.
- He doesn't play football.
- She doesn't live in London.
Questions
当社では Do または Does at the beginning of the question + subject + base form of the verb.
- ～について I, you, we, they: use Do.
- Do you play football?
- Do they live in London?
- ～について he, she, it: use Does.
- Does he play football?
- Does she live in London?
For 'Wh-' questions (e.g., What, Where, When), put the 'Wh-' word first.
- Where do you live?
- What does she do?
| Subject | Affirmative | Negative | Question |
|---|---|---|---|
| I / You / We / They | I work. | I don't work. | Do you work? |
| He / She / It | He works. | He doesn't work. | Does he work? |
例
- I usually wake up at 7 AM.
- My brother works in a bank.
- We don't watch much TV.
- She doesn't like spicy food.
- Do you speak English?
- Does it often rain here?
- What time does the shop close?
練習
スペイン語話者がよく犯す間違い
Spanish speakers sometimes make these common mistakes with the Present Simple:
- ～を忘れて -s ～のために he/she/it:
誤り： He work every day.
正しい： He works every day. - Using is/are with the main verb for negatives/questions:
誤り： I am not like coffee.
正しい： I don't like coffee.
誤り： Are you live here?
正しい： Do you live here? - Adding -s to the main verb after do/does in questions/negatives: Remember, do/does carries the tense.
誤り： Does she works?
正しい： Does she work?
誤り： He doesn't likes apples.
正しい： He doesn't like apples.
よくある質問
What is the main use of the Present Simple tense?
The main use of the Present Simple is to talk about habits, daily routines, general facts, and fixed schedules. It describes actions that happen regularly or are always true, like I get up early または Water boils at 100°C.
How do I add -s or -es to verbs for 'he/she/it'?
For most verbs, you just add -s （例：, eat → eats). If a verb ends in -ch, -sh, -s, -x, -z, -o, you add -es （例：, watch → watches, go → goes). If a verb ends in a consonant + -y, change -y ～へ -ies （例：, study → studies).
Can I use the Present Simple for future events?
Yes, you can! We use the Present Simple to talk about future events that are part of a fixed timetable or schedule, like public transport, cinema times, or school lessons. For example, The bus arrives at 10 AM tomorrow.
How is the Present Simple tested in the A2 Key exam?
In the A2 Key (KET) exam, the Present Simple is often tested in Reading and Writing Part 6 (Open Cloze) or Part 7 (Word Transformation), where you might need to complete sentences with the correct verb form or change a verb to its Present Simple form to fit the context of daily routines or facts.
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